Showing posts with label CSS3 2D Transform properties. Show all posts
Showing posts with label CSS3 2D Transform properties. Show all posts

Friday, January 13, 2012

CSS3 Different 2D Transform methods with Example


CSS3 2D Transforms

With CSS3 transform, we can move, scale, turn, spin, and stretch elements.

  • A transform is an effect that lets an element change shape, size and position.
  • You can transform your elements using 2D or 3D transformation.
We will learn about the 2d transform methods:
  • translate()
  • rotate()
  • scale()
  • skew()
  • matrix()

Browser Support:

  • Internet Explorer 9 requires the prefix -ms-.
  • Firefox requires the prefix -moz-.
  • Chrome and Safari requires the prefix -webkit-.
  • Opera requires the prefix -o-.

A. CSS3 Transforms:

Syntax:
div{
transform: rotate(30deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(30deg); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Opera */
-moz-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Firefox */
}
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> Transforms </title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:100px;
height:75px;
background-color:#660000;
border:1px solid black;
color:#fff;
}
div#div2
{
transform:rotate(30deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(30deg); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
<div id="div2">Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
</body>
</html>

B. The translate() Method:

With the translate() method, the element moves from its current position, depending on the parameters given for the left (X-axis) and the top (Y-axis) position:
Syntax:
div{
transform: translate(50px,100px);
-ms-transform: translate(50px,100px); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: translate(50px,100px); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform: translate(50px,100px); /* Opera */
-moz-transform: translate(50px,100px); /* Firefox */
}
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> translate Method </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{margin:0;padding:50px; }
div
{
width:200px;
height:75px;
background-color: #CC9900;
border:1px solid black;
}
div#div2
{
transform:translate(50px,100px);
-ms-transform:translate(50px,100px); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:translate(50px,100px); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:translate(50px,100px); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:translate(50px,100px); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
<div id="div2">World. This is a DIV element.</div>
</body>
</html>
Result:
                   

C. The rotate() Method:

With the rotate() method, the element rotates clockwise at a given degree. Negative values are allowed and rotate the element counter-clockwise.
Syntax:
div
{
transform: rotate(30deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(30deg); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Opera */
-moz-transform: rotate(30deg); /* Firefox */
}
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> The rotate Method </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{margin:0;padding:50px; background:#eee }
div
{
width:100px;
height:75px;
background-color:red;
border:1px solid black;
}
div#div2
{
transform:rotate(30deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(30deg); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:rotate(30deg); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
<div id="div2">Hello. This is a DIV element. </div>
</body>
</html>
Result:

D. The scale() Method:

With the scale() method, the element increases or decreases the size, depending on the parameters given for the width (X-axis) and the height (Y-axis):
Syntax:
The value scale(2,4) transforms the width to be twice its original size, and the   height 4 times its original size.
div{
transform: scale(2,4);
-ms-transform: scale(2,4); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: scale(2,4); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform: scale(2,4); /* Opera */
-moz-transform: scale(2,4); /* Firefox */
}
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> scale Method </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{margin:0;padding:50px; background:#eee }
div
{
width:100px;
height:75px;
background-color:red;
border:1px solid black;
}
div#div2
{
margin:100px;
transform:scale(2,4);
-ms-transform:scale(2,4); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:scale(2,4); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:scale(2,4); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:scale(2,4); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element. </div>
<div id="div2">World. This is a DIV element. </div>
</body>
</html>
Result:

E. The skew() Method:

With the skew() method, the element turns in a given angle, depending on the parameters given for the horizontal (X-axis) and the vertical (Y-axis) lines:
Syntax: The value skew(30deg,20deg) turns the element 30 degrees around the X-axis, and 20 degrees around the Y-axis.
div{
transform: skew(30deg,20deg);
-ms-transform: skew(30deg,20deg); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: skew(30deg,20deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform: skew(30deg,20deg); /* Opera */
-moz-transform: skew(30deg,20deg); /* Firefox */
}
Eample:         
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> skew Method </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{margin:0;padding:50px; background:#eee; color:#fff }
div
{
width:100px;
height:75px;
background-color:#660066;
border:1px solid black;
}
div#div2
{
transform:skew(30deg,20deg);
-ms-transform:skew(30deg,20deg); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:skew(30deg,20deg); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:skew(30deg,20deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:skew(30deg,20deg); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
<div id="div2">World. This is a DIV element.</div>
</body>
</html>
Result: 
           

F. The matrix() Method:

  • The matrix() method combines all of the 2D transform methods into one.
  • The matrix method take six parameters, containing mathematic functions, which allows you to: rotate, scale, move (translate), and skew elements.
Syntax:    How to rotate a div element 30 degrees, using the matrix method
div
{
transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0);
-ms-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Opera */
}
Example:   
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title> matrix Method </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{margin:0;padding:50px; background:#eee; color:#fff }
div
{
width:100px;
height:75px;
background-color: #660066;
border:1px solid black;
}
div#div2
{
transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0);
-ms-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* IE 9 */
-moz-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Firefox */
-webkit-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Safari and Chrome */
-o-transform:matrix(0.866,0.5,-0.5,0.866,0,0); /* Opera */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>Hello. This is a DIV element.</div>
<div id="div2">World. This is a DIV element.</div>
</body>
</html>
Result:   
           

The following table lists are New Transform Properties:

Property Description
transform Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element
transform-origin Allows you to change the position on transformed elements

2D Transform Methods

Function Description
matrix(n,n,n,n,n,n) Defines a 2D transformation, using a matrix of six values
translate(x,y) Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the X- and the Y-axis
translateX(n) Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the X-axis
translateY(n) Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the Y-axis
scale(x,y) Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the elements width and height
scaleX(n) Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the element's width
scaleY(n) Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the element's height
rotate(angle) Defines a 2D rotation, the angle is specified in the parameter
skew(x-angle,y-angle) Defines a 2D skew transformation along the X- and the Y-axis
skewX(angle) Defines a 2D skew transformation along the X-axis
skewY(angle) Defines a 2D skew transformation along the Y-axis
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